Historiography at the Crossroads: Eschatological Expectations, Biblical Exegesis, and Astronomical Cycles in the times of Charlemagne

Dmitri Starostin

doi:10.15848/hh.v13i33.1546

Authors

Dmitri Starostin University of St-Petersburg http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9448-834X

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15848/hh.v13i33.1546

Keywords:

Eschatology, Carolingian historiography, Carolingian culture

Abstract

This article suggests that the Carolingian effort in resetting the calendar of history at the time of Charlemagne’s coronation to the year 6000 from the Creation and 801 from the Incarnation of Christ must be considered as only one of the period in the cycle of the processes of realigning, resetting and redeploying the calendar since the times of Augustine. During this period, the calculations necessary for the construction of the calendars and timelines lead to concerns regarding the end of history and the “end of times”. The first time scholars like Jerome and Augustine had to address the ending of the calendar of the universal sacred history that the Christians inherited from the Old Testament was during the 4th and 5th centuries. The Carolingian period witnessed the second “time of reckoning” when Eusebius’ date for the Incarnation of the Anno Mundi 5199 prompted scholars to reconsider the meaning of the Carolingian rule around the year 801, that is, the Anno Mundi 6000.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Author Biography

Dmitri Starostin, University of St-Petersburg

Assistant Professor, Department of History

References

ALCUIN. Ep. 126. In: DÜMMLER, E. (ed.). Epistolae Karolini aevi. Berlin: Weidmann, 1895. v. 2. (MGH Epistolae, 4). p. 185–187.

ALCUIN. Ep. 143. In: DÜMMLER, E. (ed.). Epistolae Karolini aevi. Berlin: Weidmann, 1895.V. 2. (MGH Epistolae, 4). p. 224–227.

ALCUIN. Ep. 145. In: DÜMMLER, E. (ed.). Epistolae Karolini aevi. Berlin: Weidmann, 1895.V. 2. (MGH Epistolae, 4). p. 231–235.

ALCUIN. Vita Vedasti. In: MIGNE, J.-P. (ed.). PL. [S.l.: s.n.], 1844. V. 101.

ASTRONOMUS. Vita Hludowici imperatoris. In: TREMP, Ernst (Ed.). Theganus, Gesta Hludowici imperatoris – Astronomus, Vita Hludowici imperatoris. Hannover: Hahn, 1995. (MGH Scriptores rerum germanicarum, 64). p. 280–555.

AUGUSTINE. De civitate Dei. Edição: B. Dombart e A. Kalb. [S.l.: s.n.]. (CCSL, 47, 48).

BARNWELL, Paul S.Einhard, Louis the Pious and Childeric III. Historical Research, v. 78, n. 200, p. 129–139, 2005.

BECHT-JöRDENS, Gereon. Biographie als Heilsgeschichte. Ein Paradigmenwechsel in der Gattungsentwicklung: Prolegomena zu einer formgeschichtlichen

Interpretation von Einharts Vita Karoli. In: JÖRDENS, Andrea (Ed.). Quaerite faciem eius semper. Studien zu den geistesgeschichtlichen Beziehungen zwischen Antike und Christentum. Dankesgabe für Albrecht Dihle zum 85. Geburtstag aus dem Heidelberger „Kirchenväterkolloquium“. Hamburg: Kovac, 2008. (Studien zur Kirchengeschichte, 8). p. 1–21.

BECKWITH, Roger T. Calendar, Chronology and Worship: Studies in Judaism and Early Christianity. Leiden: Brill, 2005.

BERGMANN, Werner. Easter and the Calendar: The Mathematics of Determining a Formula for the Easter Festival to Medieval Computing. Versão alemã. Journal for General Philosophy of Science / Zeitschrift für allgemeine Wissenschaftstheorie, v. 22, n. 1, p. 15–41, 1991.

BICKERMAN, Elias. Chronology of the Ancient World. 2. ed. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1980.

Admonitio generalis. In: BORETIUS, Alfred (Ed.). Capitularia regum francorum. Hannover: [s.n.], 1883. V. 1. (MGH Leges in quarto, Legum sectio II). P. 54–62.

BORST, Arno. Die karolingische Kalenderreform. Hannover: [s.n.], 1998. (Schriften der Monumenta Germaniae Historica, 46).

BORST, Arno. Kaisertum und Namentheorie im Jahre 800. In: WOLFF, Gunther (ed.). Zum Kaisertum Karls des Grossen: Beiträge und Aufsätze. Darmstadt: [s.n.], 1972. p. 216–39.

BORST, Arno. Karl der Grosse und die Zeit. In: RÖTTGEN, Herwarth (ed.). Beiträge zur Zeit. Stuttgart: [s.n.], 1992.V. 42. p. 9–21.

BRUNNER, Karl. Auf die Spuren verlorener Traditionen. Versão alemã. Peritia, v. 2, p. 1–22, 1983.

BRUNNER, Karl. Oppositionelle Gruppen im Karolingerreich. Wien: Böhlau, 1979.

BULLOUGH, Donald. Alcuin and the Kingdom of Heaven: Liturgy, theology and the Carolingian age. In: BLUMENTHAL, Ute-Renate (ed.). Carolingian essays: Andrew W. Mellon lectures in early Christian studies. Washington DC: The Catholic University of America Press, 1983. p. 161–240.

BULLOUGH, Donald. Alcuin: achievement and reputation: being part of the Ford lectures delivered in Oxford in Hilary Term 1980. Leiden: Brill, 2004.

CALINGER, Ronald S. Leonard Euler: Life and Thought. In: SANDIFER, C. Edward; BRADLEY, Robert E. (ed.). Leonard Euler: Life, Work and Legacy. Amsterdam; Boston: Elsevier, 2007. p. 5–60.

CLAIRAUT, Alexis. Theorie de la Lune deduite du seul principe de l’attraction reciproquement proportionelle aux quarrés des distances. St. Petersbourg: Imprimerie de l’Academie Imperiale des Sciences, 1752.

COLLINS, Roger. Deception and misrepresentation in early eighth-century Frankish historiography: two case studies. In: JARNUT, J.; RICHTER M.; NONN, U. (ed.). Karl Martell in seiner Zeit. Sigmaringen: [s.n.], 1994. V. 37. (Beihefte der Francia). p. 227–247.

CONTRENI, John. The Patristic legacy to c. 1000. In: MARSDEN, Richard; MATTER, E. Ann (ed.). New Cambridge History of the Bible. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2015. P. 505–535.

CORNING, Caitlin. Columbanus and the Easter controversy: theological, social and political contexts. In: FLECHNER, Roy; MEEDER, Swen (ed.).The Irish in early medieval Europe: identity, culture and religion. London: Palgrave, 2016. p. 101–115.

CROUCH, Jace T. Isidore of Seville on Time, Eternity, Events, and History: The Unfolding of Salvation History. 1997. Tese (Doutorado) – Michigan State University.

DARBY, Peter. Bede and the End of Time. Farnham: Ashgate, 2016.

DARBY, Peter. Bede’s history of the future. In: DARBY, Peter; WALLIS, Faith (ed.). Bede and the Future. Farnham: Ashgate, 2014. p. 115–138.

DECLERCQ, Georges. Anno Domini: The origins of the Christian era. Turnhout: Brepols, 2000.

ENGLISCH, Brigitte. Karolingische Reformkalender und die Fixierung der christlichen Zeitrechnung. In: WARNTJES, Immo; Ó CRÓINÍN, Dáibhí (ed.). Computus and its cultural context in the Latin West AD 300-1200.. Turnhout: Brepols, 2010. V. 5, p. 238–258.

EULER, Johannis Albertus. Theoria motuum Lunae. Nova methodo pertractata una cum tabulis astronomicis unde ad quodvis tempus loca Lunae expedite computari possunt. Edição: Wolfgang Ludovicus Krafft e Johannis Andreas Lexell. Leningrad: Typis et impensis academiae scientiarum URSS, 1934.

EULER, Leonard. Recherches sur la precession des equinoxes st sur la nutation de l’axe de la terre. Versão francesa. Mémoires de l’Académie des Sciences et des Belles-Lettres de Berlin, v. 5, p. 289–325, 1751.

FITZPATRICK, Richard. Newtonian Dynamics. [S.l.]: Lulu, 2011.

GANSHOF, F. L. The last period of Charlemagne’s reign: A study in decomposition. In: GANSHOF, F. L. The Carolingians and the Frankish monarchy. Ithaca: [s.n.], 1971. p. 240–54.

GANZ, David. Einhard’s Charlemagne: The characterisation of greatness. In: STORY, Joanna (ed.). Charlemagne: Empire and Society. Manchester: Mahchester University Press, 2005. p. 38–51.

GANZ, David. Einhardus peccator. In: WORMALD, Patrick; NELSON, Janet L. (ed.). Lay intellectuals in the Carolingian world. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007. p. 37–51.

GANZ, David. The Astronomer’s Life of Louis the Pious. In: GARVER, Valerie L.; PHELAN, Owen M. (ed.). Rome and religion in the medieval world: Studies in honor of Thomas F. X. Noble. London: Routledge, 2014. P. 129–148.

GARRISON, Mary. The Franks as New Israel? Education for an identity from Pippin to Charlemagne. In: HEN, Yitzhak; INNES, Matthew (ed.). The uses of the past in the early Middle Ages. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000. p. 114–161.

GASKOIN, C. J. B. Alcuin; his life and his work. New York: Russell & Russell, 1966.

GLENN, Jason Kahn. Between Two Empires. Einhard and His Charles the Great. In: The Middle Ages in text and Texture. Toronto: Toronto University Press, 2011. p. 105–118.

GOFFART, Walter. The narrators of barbarian history (AD 550-800): Jordanes, Gregory of Tours, Bede, and Paul the Deacon. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1988. 491 p.

HEATHER, P. The Fall of the Roman Empire: A new history of Rome and the barbarians. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006.

HEIL, Johannes.Nos nescientes de hoc velle manere - “We wish to remain ignorant about this”: Timeless end, or: Approaches to reconceptualizing eschatology after A.D. 800 (AM 6000). Traditio, v. 55, p. 73–103, 2000.

HOLDER-EGGER, Oswald. Zur Überlieferung von Einhards Vita Karoli Magni. In: NEUES Archiv der Gesellschaft für Ältere Deutsche Geschichtskunde zur Beförderung einer Gesamtausgabe der Quellenschriften deutscher Geschichten des Mittelalters. Hannover: Hahn, 1912. V. 37. p. 393–414.

INNES, Matthew. Teutons or Trojans? The Carolingian and the Germanic past. In: HEN, Yitzhak; INNES, Matthew (ed.). The uses of the past in the early Middle Ages. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000. p. 227–249.

JAMES, Dominic. The world and its past as Christian allegory in the early Middle Ages. In: INNES, Matthew; HEN, Yitzhak (ed.). The uses of the past in the early Middle Ages. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000. p. 102–113.

JONES, Charles W.The victorian and dionysiac paschal tables in the West. Speculum,v. 9, n. 4, p. 408–421, 1934.

JONES, Charles Williams. Bedae opera de temporibus. Cambridge, MA: Miedieval Academy of America, 1943.

JONG, M. de. Carolingian political discourse and the biblical past: Hraban, Dhuoda, Radbert. In: GANTNER, Clemens; MCKITTERICK, Rosamond; MEEDER, Sven (Ed.). The Resources of the Past in Early Medieval Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2015. p. 87–102.

JONG, M. de. For God, king and country: the personal and the public in the epitaphium Arsenii.Early Medieval Europe, v. 25, n. 1, p. 102–113, 2017.

JONG, M. de. The empire as ecclesia: Hrabanus Maurus and biblical historia for rulers. In: INNES, Matthew; HEN, Yitzhak (ed.). The uses of the past in the early Middle Ages. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000. p. 191–226.

KNIGHT, Gillian R. Talking Letter, Singing Pipe: Modalities of Performance at the Carolingian Court. Versão francesa. Archives d’histoire doctrinale et littéraire du Moyen Age, v. 79, p. 7–47, 2012.

LANDES, R. Lest the Millennium Be Fulfilled: Apocalyptic Expectations and the Pattern of Western Chronography, 100-800 C. E. In: VERBEKE, W. (ed.). The Use and Abuse of Eschatology in the Middle Ages. Louvain: Katholieke Universiteit te Leuven, 1988. p. 141–211.

LANDES, R. Sur la traces du Millenium: la «via negativa». Versão francesa. Le Moyen Age,v. 99, n. 1, p. 5–26, 1993.

LANDES, Richard. «Millenarismus absconditus»: L’historiographie augustinienne et le millénarisme du haut Moyen Age jusqu’à l’an Mil. Versão francesa. Le Moyen Age, v. 98, n. 3-4, p. 355–377, 1992.

LANDES, Richard. In the Fear of an Apocalyptic Year 1000: Augustinian Historiography, Medieval and Modern. Speculum, v. 75, p. 97–145, 2000.

LANDES, Richard. Relics, apocalypse, and the deceits of history: Ademar of Chabannes, 989-1034. Cambridge Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1995. P. 404.

LANDES, Richard. The Silenced Millenium and the Fall of Rome: Augustine and the Year 6000 AM I. In: DOODY, John; KLOOS, Kari; PAFFENROTH, Kim (Ed.). Augustine and Apocalyptic and the Fall of Rome: Augustine and the Year 6000. Lanham: Lexington Books, 2014. p. 151–176.

LIBER DE COMPUTO. In: PL. [S.l.: s.n.]. V. 129. p. 1273–1372.

LOHRMANN, Dietrich. Alcuins Korrespondenz mit Karls dem Grossen über Kalender und Astronomie. In: BUTZER, Paul Leo; LOHRMANN, Dietrich (ed.). Science in Western and Eastern civilization in Carolingian times. Basel: Birkhäuser, 1993. p. 79–114.

LÖWE, Heinz. Die Entstehungszeit der Vita Karoli Einhards. Versão alemã. Deutsches Archiv für Erforschung des Mittelalters, v. 39, p. 85–103, 1983.

MAC CARRON, Máirín. Bede, Irish computistica and Annus Mundi. Early Medieval Europe, v. 23,n. 3, p. 290–307, 2015.

MAC CARRON, Máirín. Christology and the future in Bede’s Annus Domini. In: DARBY, Peter; Wallis, Faith (Ed.). Bede and the Future. Burlington: Ashgate, 2014. p. 161–179.

MARKUS, R. A.Living within sight of the end. In: HUMPHREY, Chris; ORMROD, W. M. (Ed.). Time in the Medieval World. Rochester, N.Y.: York Medieval Press, 2001. p. 23–34.

MARKUS, R. Saeculum: History and Society in the Theology of St Augustine. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1970.

MARKUS, R. The Latin Fathers. In: BURNS, J. H. (Ed.).The Cambridge History of Medieval Political Thought, c. 350 - c. 1450. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1988. p. 92–122.

Maur, Hraban. Epistolae. In: DÜMMLER, E. (Ed.). MGH Epistolae. Berlin: Weidmann, 1899. V. 3. p. 379–516.

MCKITTERICK, Rosamond. History and memory in the Carolingian world. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004.

MCKITTERICK, Rosamond. Political ideology in Carolingian historiography. In: HEN, Yitzhak; INNES, Matthew (ed.). The uses of the past in the early Middle Ages. Cambridge: [s.n.], 2000b. p. 162–174.

MCKITTERICK, Rosamond. The illusion of royal power in the Carolingian annals. English Historical Review,

v. 115, n. 460, p. 1–20, 2000a.

MEEDER, Swen. The Irish and Carolingian learning. In: FLECHNER, Roy; MEEDER, Swen (ed.). The Irish in early medieval Europe: identity, culture and religion. London: Palgrave, 2016. p. 179–194.

MEYVAERT, Paul. Discovering the Calendar (Annalis Libellus) Attached to Bede’s own Copy of De temporun ratione. Analecta Bollandiana, v. 120, p. 1–159, 2002.

MURRAY, O.The Idea of the Shepherd King from Cyrus to Charlemagne. In: Latin Poetry and the Classical Tradition. Essays in Medieval and Renaissance Literature. Oxford: [s.n.], 1990. p. 1–14.

NELSON, Janet. King and Emperor: A New Life of Charlemagne. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2019.

NELSON, Janet. Was Charlemagne’s court a courtly society? In: CUBITT, C. (Ed.). Court Culture in the Early Middle Ages: the proceedings of the first Alcuin conference. Turnhout: [s.n.], 2003. p. 39–57.

NOBLE, Thomas F. X. (ed. and trad.). Charlemagne and Louis the Pious: the lives by Einhard, Notker, Ermoldus, Thegan, and the Astronomer. University Park, Pa.: Pennsylvania State University Press, 2009.

Ó CRÓINÍN, Dáibhí. The Irish as mediators of Antique

culture on the continent. In: BUTZER, Paul Leo; LOHRMANN, Dietrich (ed.). Science in Western and Eastern civilization in Carolingian times. Basel: [s.n.],

p. 41–52.

PALMER, James. Calculating time and the end of time in the Carolingian world, c.740-820. English Historical Review, v. 126, n. 523, p. 1307–1331, 2011.

PALMER, James. The Apocalypse in the early Middle Ages. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2014.

PALMER, James. The adoption of the Dionysian Easter in the Frankish kingdoms (c. 670-c. 800). Peritia, v. 28, p. 135–154, mar., 2018.

PALMER, James. The ends and futures of Bede’s De temporum ratione. In: DARBY, Peter; WALLIS, Faith (Ed.). Bede and the Future. Burlington: Ashgate, 2014. p. 139–160.

PATZOLD, S. Einhards erste Leser: Zu Kontext und Darstellungsabsicht der „Vita Karoli”. Viator, v. 42, p. 33–55, 3, 2011.

REIMITZ, Helmut. Die Konkurrenz der Ursprünge in der fränkischen Historiographie. In: POHL, Walter (ed.). Die Suche nach Ursprüngen: Von der Bedeutung des frühen Mittelalters. Wien: Osterreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 2004. p. 191–210.

REIMITZ, Helmut. The Providential Past: Visions of Frankish Identity in the Transmission of Gregory of Tours’ Historiae (Sixth to Ninth Century). In: GANTNER, Clemens; PAYNE, Richard; POHL, Walter (Ed.). Visions of communoty: Ethnicity, religion and power in the early medieval Wrst, Byzantium and the Islamic world. Farnham: Ashgate, 2012. p. 109–36.

REUTER, Timothy.The end of the Carolingian military expansion. In: GODMAN, Peter; COLLINS, Roger (ed.). Charlemagne’s heir: New perspectives on the reign of Louis the Pious (814-840). Oxford: Clarendon, 1990. P. 391–405.

ROUCHE, M. L’Aquitaine des Wisigoths aux Arabes (418–781). 1977. Dissertation – Université Lille, Lille. 1977.

SCHALLER, D. Vortrags- und Zirkulargedichtung am Hof Karls des Grossen. Versão alemã. Mittellateinisches Jahrbuch, v. 6, p. 14–36, 1970.

SCHERBERICH, K. Zur Suetonimitatio in Einhards vita Karoli Magni. In: KÉRY, L. (ed.). Eloquentia copiosus. Festschrift für Max Kerner zum 65. Geburtstag. Aachen: Thouet, 2006. p. 17–28.

SPRINGSFELD, K. Alkuins Einfluss auf die Komputistik zur Zeit Karls des Grossen. Stuttgart: F. Steiner, 2002.

SPRINGSFELD, Kerstin. Eine Beschreibung der Handschrift St. Gallen, Stiftsbibliothek, 225. In: Ó CRÓINÍN, Dáibhí; WARNTJES, Immo (ed.). Computus and its Cultural Context in the Latin West, AD 300-1200: Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on the Science of Computus in Ireland and Europe, Galway, 14-16 July, 2006. Turnhout: Brepols, 2010.

SPRINGSFELD, Kerstin. Karl der Große, Alkuin und die Zeitrechnung. Versão alemã. Berichte zur Wissenschaftsgeschichte, WILEY-VCH Verlag, v. 27, n. 1, p. 53–66, 2004.

STANSBURY, Mark. Irish biblical exegesis. In: FLECHNER, Roy; MEEDER, Swen (ed.). The Irish in early medieval Europe: identity, culture and religion. London: Palgrave, 2016. p. 116–130.

STEVENS, Wesley M. Bede’s scientific achievement. Jarrow: [s.n.], 1985. p. 44.

STEVENS, Wesley M. Compotistica et astronomica in the Fulda school. In: KING, M. H.; W. STEVENS, M. (ed.). Saints, scholars and heroes: Studies in medieval culture. Collegeville: Hill Monastic Manuscript Library, Saint John’s Abbey and University, 1979. p. 27–63.

STEVENS, Wesley M. Computus-Handschriften Walahfrid Strabos. In: BUTZER, Paul Leo; LOHRMANN, Dietrich (ed.). Science in Western and Eastern civilization in Carolingian times. Basel: [s.n.], 1993. P. 363–81.

STEVENS, Wesley M. Cycles of time and scientific learning in medieval Europe. Aldershot, Hampshire, Great Britain; Brookfield, Vt., USA: Variorum, 1995a.

STEVENS, Wesley M. Sidereal time in Anglo-Saxon England. In: Cycles of time and scientific learning in medieval Europe. Aldershot: Ashgate, 1995b. p. 125–152.

STEVENS, Wesley M. Walahfrid Strabo - A student at Fulda. Historical papers 1971 of the Canadian historical association, p. 13–20, 1972.

STORY, Joanna. Carolingian Connections: Anglo-Saxon England and Carolingian Francia, c. 750–870. London: Routledge, 2017.

STROBEL, August. Texte zur Geschichte des frühchristlichen Osterkalenders. München: Aschendorff, 1984.

STROBEL, August. Ursprung und Geschichte des frühchristlichen Osterkalenders. Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, 1977.

THACKER, Alan. Bede and Augustine of Hippo: history and figure in sacred text. Jarrow: St. Paul’s Church, 2006.

THEGANUS. Gesta Hludowici imperatoris. In: TREMP, Ernst (ed.). Theganus, Gesta Hludowici imperatoris – Astronomus, Vita Hludowici imperatoris. Hannover: Hahnsche Buchhandlung, 1995. p. 168–277.

WACHOLDER, Ben Zion. Biblical Chronology in the Hellenistic World Chronicles. The Harvard Theological Review, v. 61, n. 3, p. 451–452, 1968.

WALLIS, F. Bede: Commentary on Revelation. Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 2013.

WALLIS, Faith. Why Did Bede Write A commentary on Revelation? Edição: Peter Darby e Faith Wallis. Farnham: Ashgate, 2016. p. 23–45.

WARNTJES, Immo. A newly discovered Irish Computus: ’Computus Einsidlensis’. Peritia, v. 19-20, p. 61–64, 2005-2006.

WARNTJES, Immo. A newly discovered prologue of AD 699 to the Easter table of Victorius of Aquitaine in an unknown Sirmond manuscript. Peritia, v. 21, p. 254–283, 2010a.

WARNTJES, Immo. Computus as scientific thought in Ireland and the early medieval West. In: FLECHNER, Roy; MEEDER, Swen (ed.). The Irish in early medieval Europe: identity, culture and religion. London: Palgrave, 2016. p. 158–178.

WARNTJES, Immo. Introduction: state of research on late antique and early medieval computus. In: WARNTJES, Immo; Ó CRÓINÍN, Dáibhí (Ed.). Late Antique Calendrical Thought and its Reception in the Early Middle Ages. Proceedings of the 3rd International Confererece on the Science of Computus in Ireland and Europe. Turnhout: Brepols, 2017. p. 1–42.

WARNTJES, Immo. Irische Komputisik zwischen Isidor von Sevilla und Beda Venerabilis: Ursprung, karolingische Rezeption und Forschungsperspektiven. Viator, v. 42, p. 1–32, 2011.

WARNTJES, Immo. Köln als naturwissenschaftliches Zentrum in der Karolingerzeit: Die frühmittelalterliche Kölner Schule und der Beginn der fränkischen Komputistik. In: FINGER, Heinz; HORS, Harald (ed.).

Mittelalterliche Handschriften der Kölner Dombibliothek. Edição:. Köln: Erzbischöfliche Diözesan- und Dombibliothek, 2012. V. 38. p. 41–96.

WARNTJES, Immo. Seventh-century Ireland: the cradle of medieval science? In: KELLY, Mary; DOHERTY, Charles (ed.). Music and the stars. Mathematics in medieval Ireland. Dublin: Four Courts Press, 2013. p. 44–72.

WARNTJES, Immo. The argumenta of Dionysius Exiguus and their early recensions. In: Ó CRÓINÍN, Dáibhí; WARNTJES, Immo (ed.). Computus and its Cultural Context in the Latin West, AD 300-1200: Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on the Science of Computus in Ireland and Europe, Galway, 14-16 July, 2006. Turnhout: Brepols, 2010b. p. 40–111.

WARNTJES, Immo. The Computus Cottonianus of AD 689: A computistical formulary written for Willibrord’s Frisian mission. In: WARNTJES, Immo; Ó CRÓINÍN, Dáibhí (ed.). The Easter Controversy of Late Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages: its manuscripts, texts, and tables. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on the Science of Computus in Ireland and Europe, Galway, 18-20 July 2008. Turnhout: Brepols, 2011. p. 173–212.

WARNTJES, Immo. The Final Countdown and the Reform of the Liturgical Calendar in the early Middle Ages. In: GABRIELE, Matthew; PALMER, James T. (ed.). Apocalypse and Reform from Late Antiquity to the Middle Ages. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge, 2018. P. 51–75.

WARNTJES, Immo. The Munich Computus and the 84 (14)-year Easter reckoning. Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy, v. 107C, p. 31–85, 2007.

WARNTJES, Immo. The Munich Computus: Text and Translation. Irish computistics between Isidore of Seville and the Venerable Bede and its reception in Carolingian times. Stuttgart: Steiner, 2010c.

WARNTJES, Immo. Victorius vs. Dionysius: the Irish Easter controversy of AD 689. In: MORAN, P´adraic; WARNTJES, Immo (ed.). Early medieval Ireland and Europe: chronology, contacts, scholarship. Turnhout: [s.n.], 2015. p. 40–96.

WŁODARZYK, Jarosław. Peripheral astronomy in the Correspondence of Johannes Hevelius: A Case Study of Maria Cunitia and Elias von Löwen. Versão polonesa. Kwartalnik historii nauki i techniki, v. 64, n. 1, p. 147–155, 2019.